VOL. 11 issue 3 (2009)

Full text of each article is available in PDF format. CD with full texts could be ordered on our web site.
All articles have been reviewed by the members of Scientific Board.


Directions of waste plastics recovery in countries of European Union
Wasielewsk R., Piechaczek M.
(in Polish)
Abstract
The paper shows a study of main issues with polymer wastes recycling. Streams of polymer wastes created in the European Union with directions of their recovery were characterized. Article presents potential possibilities of using various recycling technologies for both mixed and sorted polymer wastes and describes development trends. Currently it is possible to utilize more than a half of waste polymer materials in various conventional technologies.



An analysis of the current status of the production and utilization of biodiesel fuel in Poland and the prospects for its development
Kwiatkowski M.
(in Polish)
Abstract
In the recent years, due to the gradual depletion of the resources of crude oil and the propagation of the greenhouse effect, a range of activities have been undertaken towards broader use of liquid biofuels, and in particular biodiesel fuel produced on the basis of vegetable oils. Unfortunately, the process has provoked a number of controversies, concerning mainly the effect of biodiesel oil on the durability and performance of car engines. A series of contradictory assessments have been publicized with regard to the capacity to extend the acreage of oil plants and their impact on the natural environment, in particularly the risk of competition between the cultivation of fuel plants and the farming of plants for food purposes, as well as to the problem of felling tropical forests for the cultivation of oil palms. The article offers a critical revision of the current condition of the production and usage of biodiesel fuel in Poland on the background other countries and the prospects for its development, with the particular emphasis on analyzing the possibilities to increase the production of rape. Attention has been drawn to the difficulties in expanding the production of rape by way of both extending the cultivated acreage and increasing the volume of crop. It has been emphasized that only a small number of Polish farms are able to engage in growing rape due to the specificity of the cultivation works and the requirement to ensure their profitability. Having regard to the above, Poland has little capacity of increasing the volume of produced rape; as a consequence, it is impossible to produce the sufficient volume of the material for the purposes of the manufacture of edible oils and fats and the development of the production of biodiesel fuel. Due to the prospected deficit in biodiesel oil and the lack of reasonable possibilities for a considerable increase in its production, the fuel should be used mainly on such areas as landscape parks, holiday resorts and spas, or in the centres of big cities.

Carbon cycle in Municipal Solid Waste managements
Pikoń K., Rejman R.
(in Polish)
Abstract
In the manuscript following issues are presented:
•    carbon cycle in bio-thermal processes
•    carbon cycle in thermal processes
•    carbon cycle in landfilling
The carbon cycle is very important for evalauation of enviromnetal iumnpact in cglobal warming category. The environmental impact of different waste managfement options on climat change could be describes on the basis of carbon cycle.

Possibility of economic utilization of floatation tailings
Alwaeli M., Czech Ł.
(in Polish)
Abstract
Mining waste management creating enormous problems. Floatation tailings are one of the biggest group of coal exploitation waste . These waste characterized by very fine granulation (below 1 mm). This paper describes characteristics, regulations, and possibilities of floatation tailings in Poland. A part of wastes is delivered to processing plants where the coal contained in the wastes is recycled, another part is used in underground technologies and for both industrial and non-industrial purposes on the surface.

Technology of ice water production in tri-generation systems – a current state review
Schroeder A., Łach J., Poskrobko S.
(in Polish)
Abstract
This paper presents a review of some hitherto existing engineering solutions of ice water production in both centralized and decentralized systems of tri-generation. In the first place, the attention has been paid on reasons for which associated cold production for air-condition purposes can be treated as the manner of the solution of many very important problems. The following considerations are devoted to presentation of both advantages and disadvantages of individual tri-generation systems. The basic part of the work is intended to describe choosen technological solutions.

Stoker fired boiler WR-25 modernization for ecological mixtures combustion process - I
Wi¶niewski  M.,
(in Polish)
Abstract
The issue of this thesis is to analyze the technical solutions resulting in higher susceptibility of stoker fired boiler  WR-25 to use renewable fuel and ecological mixtures in combustion process. These solutions cover various modifications of supplying the stoker with fuel, preparing fuel mixtures as well as extending the economical capacity of the boiler through enhanced heat exchange surface and improved exhaust fumes dedusting.

Stoker fired boiler WR-25 modernization for ecological mixtures combustion process - II
Wi¶niewski  M.,
(in Polish)
Abstract
The issue of this thesis is to present specific technical solutions involved in a complex modernization of WR-25 stoker fired boiler plant. Among these proposals we can find fuel mixing station that allows to prepare the fuel composed of coal and waste timber as well as a special dedusting system that complies with future strict exhaust fumes emission  standards.

Application of by-products from soda Solvay process for phosphate ions removal
Ziółkowska D., Shyichuk O., Libner K., Welerowicz Z.
(in Polish)
Abstract
Applicability of soda industry by-products for remediation of phosphate ions from wastewaters has been studied. The calcined limestone has been found to ensure elimination of PO43- ions from water solutions with the efficiency of 99%. The calcined limestone dosage necessary for certain reduction of PO43- ions is increased following the increase in initial concentration of phosphate ions. Meantime the necessary excess of calcined limestone is decreased. Another examined by-product, lime, also ensures efficient phosphates elimination (higher than 97%). Meantime the needed lime dosage is much greater then that of calcined limestone. Application of both the examined materials has been found to result in marked increase of solution pH. Neutralization of the post-reaction suspension occurs spontaneously within a week due to atmospheric carbon dioxide absorption.