Abstract
All kinds of organic, plant and animal waste may become very
important as regards the production of fuel.
If such kinds of waste are included into the group of
biofuels, they may become a significant source of fuel for power
plants. This
kind of fuel may give professional power plants the following three
benefits:
1. power plants shall meet the requirement concerning the
production of power using renewable sources,
2. power plants shall be continuously supplied with the fuel
source.
3. power plants shall gain an additional source of finance
for waste utilization.
The constructed installations cannot decrease the quality of the
natural
environment and the environmental quality standards must be complied
with
Biomass
gasification – examples of new
technologies
(in polish)
Stelmach
S., Wasielewski R., Figa J.
Abstract
Selected information related to new biomass gasification
processes elaborated on German market has been presented. The paper
presents
short descriptions of “Heatpipe reformer”, “Blauer Turm”, “Mothermik”,
“IPV”
and “CombiPower Process” technologies. The processes shown are based on
fixed-bed and fluidized bed gasification of biomass. It should be
stated that
at present development of biomass gasification technologies is directed
mainly
on low and medium scale processes. This is caused mainly by the
acquiring and
transportation problems related with biomass. Development of big-scale
biomass
gasification plants seems to be not very perspective because of
relatively high
transportation cost of biomass, resulting from its low energy density.
Abstract
Waste from animal production - dung - does not make
important problems only apparently.This waste was use as valuable
fertilizer from centuries.
However, industrial animal husbandry, concentrated on small area, make
dung
utilisation impossible close by place of its generating. We can reduce
waste mass about 80% by incineration. It
eliminates every biological hazards and odours burdensomeness too. Gain
energy
can be used to welfare rooms heating, dung drying or steam generating.
There were show results of investigations on chemical
properties of ashes from dung from chicken-farms incinerating in this
paper. It
was makes estimate dung fitness for use as fertilizers, especially
contained
phosphorus availability.
Abstract
Medical waste utilization could cause serious environmental
impact – mainly because of its compositions and inhomogeneous
structure. The
most widespread method of special waste utilization is incineration. In
the article case study of waste incineration installation
working in Medical Waste Utili-zation Plant in Katowice has been
described.
Eco-energetic balance has been made. Under consideration has been taken
all
available data about compounds causing environmental impact.
Environmental
impact indicators for installation under analyze has been quoted.
Abstract
We have conducted a number of research on the emission of
cupric and lead during thermal dissolution of sawdust and
pharmaceutical waste
in the combustion process. Magnesium oxide was used as an addition to
the
cremator batch to reduce the metals in combustion gases. The results,
showing
reduction of the emission from several to several dozens per cent,
reveal that
waste thermal destruction processes don’t have to be linked to the
jeopardy of
polluting atmospheric air with heavy metals.
Abstract
Thermal and flow boiler parameters as well as carbon
monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen oxides NOx and dust concentrations
were
measured downstream two manual fuel supplied central heating boilers
each of 25
kW thermal output (working not in the same time). Construction of these
two
uncontrolled boilers was not the same, but in both cases wooden waste
and waste
wood incineration was performed in two steps: wood gasification and
wooden gas
combustion. During experiments performed in heat station , boiler
combustion
chambers were not filled completely with waste wood, temperature in
combustion
region was to low and therefore carbon monoxide concentration was very
high and
nitrogen oxides concentration was low (this situation appears very
often in
domestic heat stations, if fuel is not
supplied to a boiler in time and almost all its mass is burnt out
before the
next part is added). The boilers were connected with water heat storage
by help
of mixing and piping device. Therefore the boiler water stream rate was
almost
constant but boiler water temperature
was changing caused by unstable incineration intensity (typical for
log- wood
boilers). Experiments were presented and pollutant concentration values
were
gathered in the table for comparison as well as thermal and flow boiler
parameters. Variation of selected (presented in figures) boiler
parameters and
pollutant concentrations, was discussed.
Abstract
According
to the Statistical Year-book of the
Abstract
Cracow stands before necessity of englarment of waste
management system to aim law regulation. Follow on analysis and society
consultation one of elements of waste management system should be
incineration
plant. Article shows multicriterial analysis results of location of
incineration plant. Multicriterial analysis was done comply different
group of
criteria, brief fore design and results was consult with Cracow society.