Abstract
According to the year-book of State
Statistics Department large part of MSW generated in Poland comes from
the Silesia region. Branches which produce various amounts of MSW in
Silesia are presented in the paper. The condition of MSW management
system in this region is also discussed. Article include information
about MSW management condition between 2000 – 2004 years.
Aufwind biogas plants and their technology
(in polish)
Janczur K. L.,
Szymandera Z.
Abstract
Due to fossil fuels sources shrinking the worldwide politics more and
more decidedly aims at their usage decreasing through alternative
energy production enhancement. Among a wide variety of alternative
energy sources the energy acquiring from biomass of agricultural wastes
through methane production and utilization in biogas plants has been
recently gaining increasing significance and interest. Typical
Aufwind biogas installation functions basing on utilization of such
wastes as: farm animals manure or distillery broth. Biogas – a mixture
in 60% consisting of methane and in 40% of carbon dioxide is secreted
as a result of anaerobic fermentation of wastes. The co generative
production of electric and thermal energy is achieved in biogas plant
through methane burning by the combustion engines and through their
working heat recycling. The most economic solution to a problem of
millions of tones of agricultural utilization is their usage for co
generative energy production. Biogas plants enabling such production
and ecological agricultural wastes treatment have became an ideal and
profitable investments for a entrepreneur such as larger animal farm or
distillery.
Abstract
The popularity of particular ways in which sewage sludge is dealt with
in different countries changes over time and mainly depends on economic
factors, and also, to a large extent, on non-economic factors. As
regards the latter, both environment protection and social acceptance
of the way in which sludge is used, stored or burned, are crucial.
Tightening of regulations concerning the storage or use of sludge in
farming makes it necessary to utilize them in a thermal way,
transforming their chemical energy into power. The ”KJN” technology,
thermal utilization of sewage sludge, which is described in this work,
makes it possible to construct an installation that works with the
power industry boiler and to use the heat energy, produced as a result
of sludge combustion, to produce steam.
Abstract
Annually in Poland comes into being about 4500 thousand Mg of organic
wastes and over 350 thousand tons dry masses of municipal sewage
sludge. In most cases they are deposited on municipal landfills
determining serious hazard for natural environment. This paper presents
possibilities of hydrogen production from municipal organic waste and
sewage sludge in the thermal two-stage process (outgassing and
gasification). Experiments were carried out in low and high temperature
under atmospheric pressure. The gas product during utilization was
quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, hydrogen production ratios
was over 20%. Hydrogen as a final product after utilization organic
waste can be used directly for powering Otto engines or fuel cells
achieving high thermodynamic efficiencies and relatively low
environmental impacts.
Abstract
The construction of municipal waste incineration plant in Krakow is an
indispensable part of the waste management system in Małopolska
Province. Evaluation of impact of the incineration plant with a
capacity of 255 000 tons per year on air quality in Krakow is
presented. The evaluation is based on assumption that air pollutant
emissions from the incinerator will be at the highest allowed level
resulting from emission limits for waste incineration plants with
operation time each of two planned lines 7500 hours per year.
Calculation results support the thesis that the incineration plant of
this size will not cause significant worsening of air quality in
Krakow, independently of final localization. It is recommended,
however, not to place the plant near densely populated areas.
Abstract
Hard coal dumping grounds are the places of disposal of coal mine
industry waste. It could be treated as a important source of gas and
ash emission released during exploitation and after its closure.
Because of reasons quoted above – dumping grounds are frequently
subject of restoration.
In the paper some facts about restoration of coal mine dumping grounds
are discussed. Comparison of gas and ash emission from dumping grounds
before, during and after its restoration has been presented.
Waxes – products of thermal degradation of
waste plastics – obtaining, capabilities, and application
Urbaniak W., Wasiak W., Fall J.
Abstract
Thermal degradation of thermoplastic polymers, such as polyethylene,
polypropylene and polystyrene, leads to obtaining of several gaseous
and liquid products, waxes and coke. Usually, the process is performed
in a way to obtain as much liquid products as possible, which in turn
are used as fuel components. Relatively little attention is currently
paid to production of waxes, which are practically always produced at
the first stage of thermal degradation process. However, taking into
account tendencies in the chemical raw materials market, increased
interest in such products can be anticipated. As it was proved in this
paper, waxes can be effectively produced as a result of thermal
decomposition of waste plastics containing various polyolefins, and
practically there is little difference between the obtained products
and paraffin waxes or synthetic polyethylene waxes.
Influence of mechanical mixing processes in
grid boiler on the emission of combustion products
(in polish)
Jaworski T. J.
Abstract
Research was carried out for the most commonly used stoker in waste
incineration: forward moving and reciprocating stokers. The parameters
of longitudinal and crosswise mixing has been defined and determined.
The results are accompanied by many photos. In the second part of the
paper - on the basis of carried out experiments – the influence
of mechanical mixing – for various degrees of mixing on the stoker - of
the fuel during combustion on the emission to the environment (NOx,
SO2, CO, fly ash etc.) was discussed.
Abstract
In the article composing of unsorted waste
has been discussed as well as analysis of compost quality produced In
Municipal Waste Management Company in Katowice. Composting is based on
Danish technology DANO with cooperation with Austrian company MUT.
Physics and chemical analysis of compost produced in years 2001-2006
have been presented as well as results of microbiological analysis of
compost produced In years 2001-2004.
The article is based on the study carried out In Chair of Waste
Management and Technologies of Waste Management.